KEY IDEAS:

• Romanesque is a revitalization of large-scale architecture and sculpture because of Pilgrimages.

• Churches develop their apse to accommodate large crowds of pilgrims (larger naves, double aisles, radiating chapels)

• Church portal sculptures stress themes of the Last Judgement and the need for salvation.

• Manuscript painting and weaving flourish as art forms.

10 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ROMANESQUE STYLE (MATT CURESS)

1. First international style since the Roman Empire (Germany, Normandy, England, Tuscany)

2. Competition for the largest church (Pisa Cathedral)

3. Mansonry (no concrete)

4. East end of church is the religious focal point for services

5. Portals act as a "billboard" for elements of faith (The Last Judgement) 

6. Cruciform plans, church as a metaphor for heaven

7. Plans/elevation based on basilican forms

8. Bays divide the nave into compartments

9. Rounded arches are the norm

10. Tripartite division of the elevation continues from earlier periods